I'd get a pair of red leather Parisian-style club chairs.

That is one gorgeous sofa!

It would look nice with anything black : black laquered wood armchairs, black leather modernist chairs for contrast.

Or to stay with the art deco feel, something in the style of Ruhlmann : http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk/static/cs/uk/11/features/miller/artdeco/10843864.jpg or Sue et Mare : http://images.artnet.com/picture.asp?date=20060614&catalog=103927&gallery=111558&lot=00012&filetype=2

or Hoffman : http://www.steelform.com/cab1.html

Knowing these are horribly out of reach, a louis XVI medallion, in black laquer and light colored material, could give the same feel : http://www.housetohome.co.uk/imageBank/b/BH.04.07.chair.matalan.jpg Or French Empire / Restauration period style : http://www.alienor.org/ARTICLES/mobilier/images/image_restauration_2.jpg
Vintage or new copies of different quality can easily be found.

Louis XIV ghost chairs.

simple pair of Bruno chairs in black leather to mix it with Modern
or these Richard Schultz chairs I have two love them they go with everything mine are 18 yrs.old.
http://www.nienkamper.com/product.asp?cat=7&product=81

Something transitional-
http://www.hbf.com/Products/Item18/Brentwood-Lounge-Seating.aspx

Or something a bit more traditional this style clubby-
http://cptnrin.smugmug.com/photos/387408978_jGh87-L.png
or
http://www.michaeltaylordesigns.com/sea_mt0700.html

More provential-
http://cptnrin.smugmug.com/photos/400488347_BvrjP-M.jpg

I guess it depends on how you want the look and feel- like a parlor, library, living room... You have a fun sofa to play with.

I would suggest one or two upholstered slipper chairs that work with the scale of the sofa and room.

On the high end, consider Donghia's Eaton:
http://www.donghia.com/furniture/upholstery-seating/eaton_collection.php

On the lower end, Overstocks has a few candidates:
http://www.overstock.com/Home-Garden/Sable-Paisley-Slipper-Chair/2324265/product.html

http://www.overstock.com/Home-Garden/Slipper-Spun-Spice-Chair/2771997/product.html

http://www.overstock.com/Home-Garden/Sage-Tapered-Chair/2663977/product.html

http://www.overstock.com/Home-Garden/Garland-Dark-Brown-Leather-Chair/1992791/product.html

i love this red (mustang oxblood) leather odeon chair from crate and barrel, if you wanted to add some color...

http://www.crateandbarrel.com/family.aspx?c=947&f=28905&q=odeon&fromLocation=Search&DIMID=400001&SearchPage=1

That's not a huge room. How about something really comfy that doesn't take up a lot of space, like a Herman Miller Aluminum group chair, black or you can get them in cheery colors like Green to offset your neutral scheme?
http://hivemodern.com/products/?view=sub_product&sid=1505&cid=339&cid2=346

the Eames LCW are incredibly comfortable too: how about a pair in black?

Thanks guys for all the great suggestions. Even though some of them are well out of my price range, I can use all of these examples when I check out the thrift stores. And the pics have given me additional ideas to work with.

bpsf and womp:
thanks for the idea of using red, never thought about how good that would look.

LoriF:
thanks for the suggestion, I'm sticking to a comfortable living room feel. Although all my walls are white, I plan to use browns and earth tones for the living room

greenlight:
love those chairs, anywhere I can find a more affordable 'knockoff'? I'm a starving student at DePaul...lol.