You've probably had (or have) a computer desktop littered with icons. While some people like to organize this into a semblance of order, others tend to let all of these icons just crop up on their desktops and get rid of them only when there's no more any space left for new ones. We've been drifting closer and closer towards a digital workspace without icons, and here's how we've done it in both OS X and Windows 7.
1. Application Icons: Some people like to keep their most often used application icons on their desktops (Mac and PC). Don't do it...it's just redundant, a waste of desktop space/increases clutter, and can even slow down the performance of your computer. We find that programs are easier to access through Lion's Launchpad (three finger pinch) or Windows' Start Menu.
In Windows, you can add and remove different toolbars by right-clicking on the the main toolbar and selecting which option you want to add. Programs that are used a lot can be docked this way. The Start Menu will also keep a log of which programs you've been using the most. They tend to be cropped in a list, which can be customized. Using this and the integrated program toolbar takes care of most of our needs.
3. Documents: All of our documents are saved in the Documents folder of OS X or the My Documents library of Windows. Naturally, we have subfolders to keep everything organized. Anything recent that hasn't been addressed is kept in the root folder so that we can find it easily. Avoid littering your desktop with individual documents and put these files in appropriately categorized file folder, just like your real life desk (hopefully).
4. Application Installers: In OS X and Windows, all of our program and app installers go into the download folder. There's no need to keep a lot of them since they get updated so quickly. Once a program has been installed, we tend to delete the installer. If you need them once again, you can find them quickly again on the web.
5. Photos & Videos: We keep all of our photos neatly organized in My Photos folders on the Mac and the PC. Each shoot will get its own folder. We like to separate the photos that we've taken ourselves and the images that we collect in different folders. As for videos, we also have dedicated folders for those, including complete filing trees so that we can find them quickly.
MORE DESKTOPS TIPS
Complex Wallpapers to Highlight Your Desktop
Where to Find Good Wallpapers
Where to Find Minimal Yet Fun Wallpapers
(Images: Jehzlau Concepts, Flickr member Ringey licensed for use under Creative Commons, Flickr member erKURITA licensed for use under Creative Commons, Flickr member Josh Bancroft licensed for use under Creative Commons, Flickr member Rev Dan Catt licensed for use under Creative Commons)

Commercial Flour Sa...
I haven't had icons on my desktop in years. I have a few shortcuts on my taskbar for my most-used applications, the rest I access through the start menu.
To me, icons on my desktop are like a bunch of pens, receipts, and miscellaneous clutter on my desk.
My personal desktop at home has all of 2 icons on it, the MMORPG I play and Ventrilo to talk to my guildies. Otherwise, I can't stand to have a ton of icons cluttering up my desktop.
My work computers have more, but I'm more restricted on what I can do (or want to do) on those.
I only have my macintosh hd on mine. That's what the dock is for ;)
I haven't had icons on my desktop for a few years and I love it! I only have four things in my dock (aside from Finder and Trash) because they're usually always open. Everything else I open up with Quick Silver, which I have set to activate when I press command + space. It's super efficient and helps keep my mind clear because visual clutter bugs me.
Great post! I've been icon-less for a few years now, thanks to the dock on OSX. On my old work PC I used to have a few icons for My Computer, My Documents, and the Trash bin.
I only have icons for things that I am currently working on, and I try to file those away as I finish up work everyday.
I have icons on my desktop, but I have them hidden and use a desktop menu in the taskbar to access them. Hides the clutter but still keeps my most-used programs in easy reach.
Desktops never made a lot of sense to me. Its just a folder that you always have open. A lot of programs use the desktop as a default dumping spot and the clutter builds up pretty quick. Since there has been an option in windows to hide the desktop I have been using it.
I keep mine completely empty 99% of the time. Once in a blue moon, I'll stick something on there if it urgently needs to be done. I'm so OCD about my clean desktop, that I know I won't procrastinate and will get the task done asap so I can delete the damn icon from my desktop, hah.
I'm icon free and have been for years. Not even a recycle bin.
When we upgraded at work to Win7 and IT locked down our machines, we were unable to delete a bunch of shortcuts from our desktops. Ugh. UNACCEPTABLE! So I hid my entire desktop and then set it to display in the (vertical) taskbar. That way, it functions like the old quikstart menu, and my desktop is once again clean.
Personal laptop is a MacBookPro - no icons at all
Work desktop is Win7 - the only icons are temporary located files, used as a to-do/reminder list (their presence in an otherwise empty space reminds me to finish a doc, etc.); also, I fully utilize the taskbar's ability to pin vital programs and docs
I like the theme on that top one. anyone know what it is?
No desktop icons for me. No background either. I figure I've always got 100 windows open anyways so I'll never see it, why load a giant high res image into memory if I'll never see it?
I launch most apps with Win+R and typing the command as it's much faster than navigating a visual menu. Plus I'm a linux guy so I'm used to Alt+F2 and entering the command.
I have a no-icon desktop on Mac OS X. I also keep my dock hidden. Nothing lives in it. Everything is launched via Alfred. For apps that need to give me feedback, I use menu bar utilities. My desktop is empty. There is no dock sucking up screen real estate. Bliss.
I'm also wondering what XP theme is being displayed in the top pic. What is it? Anyone has any idea?
I cringe whenever I see desktops crowded with random icons. It gives me the heebie-jeebies just like entering a house with towering stacks of magazines and knickknacks everywhere!
I prefer to keep my desktop clear of everything save for one 'drop' folder to keep things in before they are sorted out to their respective places in my filing system.
For things I use frequently? I use the Dock (and that is hidden so it only pops up when moused over).
I used to have a computer like this.. it ran MS-DOS.
You could reproduce it by installing ubuntu server.
Very, very few icons, I can't stand seeing a desktop FULL of so many icons you can't see the desktop screen.