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How To... Care for an Orchid

orchid031609.jpgLately, every window of every flower shop we pass seems to have a stunning display of blooming orchids. Despite our fear of killing the notoriously finicky plants, their beauty finally won us over and we brought one home. We found that perhaps their difficult reputation isn't so warranted after all...

 
 

We got our Phalaenopsis from Plant It Earth on Divisidero, and the staff there was very helpful in giving us the lowdown on what our new plant would require. Of course all species of orchids are different, but here's some general advice for the easier to grow indoor types, such as Lady's Slippers, Cattleya, and Moth (Phalaenopsis and Doritis) Orchids.


  • Light In general, orchids thrive on bright, indirect light. At home, the best position for the plants would be near an East, West, or shaded South-facing window. If the foliage becomes dark green and limp (leaves should stand semi-erect), this is a good indication the plant isn't receiving enough light.


  • Temperature Mature orchids like a fluctuation of about 15 degrees between night and day, with nights around 60-65º F and days in the 75-85º F range.


  • Water Plants should seldom dry out between watering. Check often to see if the soil is damp, and water about twice a week.


  • Fertilize A growing orchid requires a mix of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium, provided by regular fertilizing. Go for a balanced version (a fertilizer with "10-10-10" or some other similar ratio on the front) and use a weak dose with water about once a week.


  • Potting In general, orchids do best when their roots are confined in a tight container. Repot once every year or two when soil has almost completely broken down, using a well-drained but water-retaining mix. Do so in the Spring, after the main flowering season has ended.



Any orchid lovers out there who'd like to share some tips? We'd love to hear.

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How To..., gardening, green ideas, orchids, plant care, Phalaenopsis

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Comments (36)

Be careful watering your orchid twice a week. I began watering mine every ten days and it started to lose flowers. Now I only water it every 15 or 20 days and it has been alive for six months!

posted by laura6176 on March 16th 2009 at 11:58am
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Thanks for these tips! I have an orchid that hasn't bloomed since it entered my care, so I'm going to follow your advice to see if I can coax it into blooming.

I love the Charley Harper print in the background of that photo, but why would someone hang a $350 screenprint like that? It seems risky to me.

posted by visualingual on March 16th 2009 at 11:59am
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I killed my birthday-gift Orchid in record time. Reading these care instructions, I understand why. Boo hoo.

posted by rosenatti on March 16th 2009 at 12:03pm
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I also made the mistake of watering too often...(about once a week) I lost several flowers. Now I only water every 10-12 days and it seems to be much happier.

Does anyone know if the flowers I lost will grow back?

posted by EAH on March 16th 2009 at 12:04pm
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achtung: don't water more than 1x every 7 days!! will definitely kill phalaenopsis orchids. they also like misting or humid environments. like EAH my orchids thrive on when watered only once every week & 1/2 or 2 weeks even.

posted by timmy jr. on March 16th 2009 at 12:12pm
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If your orchid is healthy but not blooming, the main culprits are often insufficient light and not providing the 10 to 15 degree temperature drop between night and day. I would definitely be wary of watering twice a week - beginners almost always overwater instead of underwater. I do mist aerial roots often and keep all of my orchids on trays of wet gravel to keep the relative humidity of the area high, but make sure not to let a pot sit in standing water. By the by, phalaenopsis and lady slipper orchids have different light requirements than cattleyas, who generally want brighter light.

posted by apathygirl on March 16th 2009 at 12:17pm
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yep i killed mine due to lack and too much of all of the above.

posted by PepperDoll on March 16th 2009 at 12:46pm
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Also remember that the flowers you lose will not grow back- after all the flowers have dropped, you have to cut off the stem and wait for it to sprout a new one. THAT is the frustrating part.

posted by shockthebourgeois on March 16th 2009 at 12:56pm
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agreed about the overwatering part, also they like to sit above water, so if you have the orchid in a small pot, place it on a layer of rocks in a larger pot, and let the water drain down...(this is what my husband does, so i'm just passing on the info). there are also specialized pots for this.

posted by evamae on March 16th 2009 at 12:59pm
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i kill houseplants regularly, but my orchids, given as housewarming gifts, are going on three years and bloom at least annually.

i water every 10-14 days with a good five to ten minute bath in the sink (water to pot lip). i keep them in the guest bathroom where they can get an occasional warmer mist. the bathroom skylight has indirect southeast lighting and is rarely heated so the room is cool/cold at night. i've fertilized twice with pellets and repotted once, 6 months ago.

the cambria flowers anywhere from september to january. the phalaenopsis is crazy a blooms serially sometimes.

posted by healthyhome on March 16th 2009 at 12:59pm
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i eventually killed mine. They lived for awhile but then start to loose flowers, i tried everything. More water, less water, more sun, less sun, it couldn't find a setup it liked.

I have killed 2 or 3 now, people that don't want them and give them to me. The cruel torture of a slow and painful death.

I have given up on orchids, maybe i will try fake ones.

posted by jmorey on March 16th 2009 at 1:12pm
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My mother-in-law always says that orchids require benign neglect, and I've found that to be true. Overwatering leads to certain death. 2x a week sounds like too much (although I guess it depends on the plant), but here in warm, dry LA, I never water more than 1x per week.

Another cool things about orchids is that you can re-grow them when the blooms fall off - you simply cut halfway down the stem and place it in a sunny place, and new blooms will sprout right out after a few weeks!

posted by Emily the Cat on March 16th 2009 at 1:14pm
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hmm, I've never seen orchids planted in soil. they're usually in bark mulch or moss (I find the mulch is better as the moss dries out too quickly). soil has the potential of holding too much water and causing the roots to rot. and you certainly don't need to fertilize every week (especially when there are already blooms-- fertilizer is more important when a new spike is growing).

for those that have had trouble with orchids, try different varieties. it took me a while to do well with phaels, but my dendrobiums and oncidiums were never a problem.

posted by foodefafa on March 16th 2009 at 1:24pm
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this seems handy, but i think i just killed my first two orchids. had them for 6 months and the white stem just lost all it's flowers; the purple stem started to bloom and then a few flowers fell off.
first thought i was overwatering, then giving too little light, but it didn't seem to matter what i did. the plant looked fine up until 10 days ago when it just all went downhill.

posted by Matt. M on March 16th 2009 at 1:28pm
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Your guidelines are basically sound good. I would suggest using a higher Phosphorus fertilizer as well to encourage blooming, something with a higher middle no. eg. 10-20-10. Phals and paphs should be kept moist so the "water x times a week" will depend entirely on the weather. Others, like cattleyas and other orchids that look like they have 'bulbs', should be allowed to dry out slightly between watering. Cattleyas and dendrobiums incidentally, need much brighter light, even some direct sun, to do well. After flowering, its best to cut the entire stem off at the base. And when you repot, be sure to use an 'orchid mix not regular houseplant soil. Nice photo btw !

posted by Sultandc on March 16th 2009 at 1:37pm
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I know its a faux pas, but I have too lovely fake orchids in my house. One looks so real that visitors often touch it expecting it to be real. I highly recommend this route. I would love to have a real orchid or two but I have too curious kitties that cannot be trusted.

posted by mmead on March 16th 2009 at 1:40pm
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I got my orchid, don't know the type, at walmart (i know, i know) and it says to put one ice cube on it 3 times a week. I've only been doing it twice...usually before I go to bed so it melts slower. Seems to be doing just fine. My father has killed every other plant including bamboo stalks but somehow has managed to keep an orchid alive for almost 3 years...I figure there is hope for me.

posted by Enamorada on March 16th 2009 at 1:42pm
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Mine's in a SW facing bay window, lovingly ignored except a good watering every 2 weeks. It's almost 3 years old and in great shape.

posted by mjr on March 16th 2009 at 1:57pm
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I got one of those walmart orchids, too. I just couldn't pass it up at only $15. It did well for about a week, then all the flowers fell off. :( It's doing ok now, at least the leaves haven't shriveled up or fell off.

posted by erinpeace on March 16th 2009 at 2:08pm
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I've had mine for about 3 weeks and put it in a east facing window. I just put all of my dying plants in the same window. Hopefully they start to come back to life. I'm freaking out a little bit.

Anyway... the orchid is doing fantastic. I haven't watered it because I put my finger into the bark and feel the roots... if they are moist, I was told not to water it.

posted by birdablaze on March 16th 2009 at 2:08pm
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My fiance gave me this fantastic Smith and Hawken orchid cloche for my birthday and I was dubious about it when it arrived as it seemed HUGE, but I've had a cheap Ikea orchid in it since November and it not only survived but has put out new flowering stalks. It seems to keep the plant in a level of humidity it enjoys. I only water it infrequently, so it's a sort of a terrarium effect. So, $70 for the cloche and $14 for the orchid... seems like a good deal to me since it is a lot cheaper than the amount I might have spent on cut flowers in that time...

posted by rachel32 on March 16th 2009 at 2:36pm
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AlmostAD's Guide to Enjoying Orchids in 4 Easy Steps:

1) Buy beautiful new orchid plant. Admit to self that this is the best it's ever gonna get.

2) Water it or not, give it light or give it dark; it does not matter. Its flowers will eventually fall off and the other parts will randomly turn brown, and it will look like butt.

3) Give stumpy flower-less orchid to plant lady in the office. Her desk is covered with plants that look like butt.

4) Repeat.

posted by AlmostAD on March 16th 2009 at 3:10pm
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I just keep buying a new $15 orchid every time the old one dies. I figure I'd spend a lot more buying flowers every week---what's 15 bucks every 2-3 months, really? I'm a horrible parent.

posted by zaky on March 16th 2009 at 3:52pm
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So, I've killed many phalenopsis orchids and have yet to figure it out. I've over watered and under watered. It is usually in moss. The moss seems to dry out quickly. Do I need to soak in water bath for a few minutes to rehydrate the moss completely, then water 1 - 2 x per week?

posted by SoSue on March 16th 2009 at 4:02pm
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I thought the less-water-is-more approach was the way to not kill these things. But my aunt came over, declared my orchid to be on deaths door (it looked okay to me) and told me that once a week I should put it in the kitchen sink (without the plug in) and run water through the "holed" pot for about 5 minutes. Then put it back in the decorative pot.

She said the key was to water it every week but not have it standing in water at all. And I have to say, not only does it look healthier but several closed buds that had never opened in the three months I had it have started to open now, so I'm a total convert.

posted by idontdobeige on March 16th 2009 at 4:18pm
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I've been watering my orchid quite often, 2 flowers fell off today, but the blooms were all open when I bought it a month ago, so it seems ok to me. Considering repotting isnt recommended especially. I repotted to a much larger pot than it was bought in about a week ago. It is a variety with ALOT of leaves and I was told to keep it out of the sun because the blooms will burn. I think I might have to try putting it in my window for a bit to see how it does.
I used to live somewhere where lady slippers grew wild, so I just thought to mimic that damp, mossy, shady climate.

posted by Nolann on March 16th 2009 at 4:55pm
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These are such great tips and couldn't have come to me at a better time! My boyfriend brought me my very 1st beautiful little orchid, leaving it in my novice orchid hands. There were maybe 4 flowers on it when he gave it to me, now there's 1 and a hopeful bud. My overwatering was most definitely the killer here. I'm excited to get home and ignore it for the rest of the week and see what happens. Hopefully the mighty last flowers stays strong and the bud blooms quickly. Nothing is more sad than getting a beatiful plant from your special beau only to have it turn sour. So, here's to hoping. Thanks all!

posted by desireeg on March 16th 2009 at 5:15pm
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I have a few crucifix or ground orchids (little orange centred yellow flowers that are just gorgeous) and they are impossible to kill, I keep dividing it up and they keep flowering and multiplying. In our heat and humidity they are my little troopers. Always loved orchids, Dad's an orchid collector from way back. They seem just as easy to grow as aloe vera. :)

posted by venus_thames on March 16th 2009 at 5:16pm
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AlmostAD I am crying right now. Thanks for the peels of laughter!

posted by Seaside on March 16th 2009 at 6:26pm
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my mom swears by watering with one ice cube a week.

posted by jmcquary on March 16th 2009 at 7:04pm
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My mother puts a branch of fake (but real looking) orchid flowers with the plant while she waits for the real flowers to bloom again. Growing up we practiaclly had a green house of orchids. I follow her tips and mist mine once a week and cut the stems down once all the flowers fall off. Other than that I ignore the plant.

posted by tinafrog01 on March 17th 2009 at 12:35am
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I am lucky, because mine seem invincible. Oddly enough, I had previously only considered the hardiest of flora to be entrusted to my care, but I have five of them in my apartment all of which are groaning under the weight of their floral braggadocio. To be fair though, I should admit, I live in Asia, so I don't do anything in the hopes that Mother Nature will do the work for me, she is doing well so far.
http://clivechristy.blogspot.com/2009/02/some-pictures.html

posted by CliveChristy on March 17th 2009 at 1:34am
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This thread makes me feel SO MUCH better. I have killed many phals. I have tried over-watering, under-watering, too much light, not enough light, weird disease(healthy leaves turned yellow and fell off in two days), healthy leavees but no flower, all flowers fall off in a week or two... you name it, I have seen it!!

I recently killed another two. :( but I have not given up. Are most of you people in bay area? one thing I am sure about it watering twice a week is way too much. I have seen enough root rots!

posted by jacinh on March 17th 2009 at 2:57am
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We were given an orchid after a death in the family... not recommended! Watching that flower die a slow death, no matter what I tried, was horribly depressing.

I'll stick with spider plants, thanks ;)

posted by SeattleMama on March 17th 2009 at 1:52pm
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Thanks for the tip, Idon'tdobeige. I'll try your method out and see how it goes.

If that doesn't work, the tip with the ice cube seems interesting as well.

posted by SoSue on March 17th 2009 at 3:26pm
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SeattleMama.. I am far worse. I've managed to kill TWO SPIDER PLANTS. I mean, HOW does one do that?

posted by indiasoup on October 31st 2009 at 10:50pm
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