We've learned the hard way that there's some very important things that should be checked before signing the papers to buy a new home. Sure you can have someone do an inspection and look over the place to make sure you're termite and flood damage free, but these things fall into a different category — the immediate honey-do list!
Even though there will always be cosmetic changes to make to a new home, trying to avoid costly repairs upon first moving in is always a bonus. Being able to save that money for the dining table of your dreams, or even just for gas and groceries can be extra beneficial. Here's a few things we suggest checking before you sign the papers and inherit all of the previous tenants past problems.
1. Check The Drains: This might sound silly, but we've had two homes with the same issues in the last several years. Somewhere between the house and the sewer line, there's a backup. Usually tree branches or a collapsed pipe, but either way, it's hard to spot unless you run a load of laundry, fill up the tub and sinks and let them all attempt to drain at the same time.
2. Open All The Windows: Replacing windows isn't fun and it isn't cheap either. Open them all to find out if they stick, are stuck or just plain old won't open.
3. Turn On All The Faucets: Although changing out faucets isn't exactly rocket science it's always a pain to lay under a cabinet and reach for the sky with funny tools to get things removed. Just check to make sure they all work before buying to eliminate the back ache.
4. Light A Fire In The Fireplace: Even though chimneys are usually installed by professionals, that doesn't mean they're always in pristine shape. Cleaning them is as simple as a phone call to a local chimney sweep, but finding out if all the fireplaces in the home draft correctly is another.
5. Taste The Water: This lesson is always learned the hard way. Even if your city has great water, your pipes might be old enough that they'll send a little extra something out of the tap and into your glass. Knowing up front if you'll need to install a whole house filter or invest in a few Brita pitchers is always helpful.
6. Flush The Toilets: Knowing that all the toilets in the home can handle toilet paper is a bonus. Although they're easy enough to replace or fix, finding ones that flush well are a bonus. If you're dissatisfied they could issue you money back to make the replacement in order to get you to sign on the dotted line!
7. Open The Electrical Panel: A clean and labeled panel is a happy panel. Something that looks like squirrels got up inside can signal trouble. Look for loose wires or ones that simply don't connect to anything. It could signal that there's live wires inside the walls!
8. Turn On The Heat/Air: Knowing that both of these things work prior to actually needing them can be a serious bonus. Check to make sure they blow their respective temperatures in addition to just turning on.
9. Pull The Carpet Back: Before you move in, you'll want to find out if there's hardwood floors and also any mold or mildew under the carpets. Look for the lowest side of the room and if possible pull a corner back. Many homeowners will have a section of carpet removed in a closet to allow you to see the condition of the floors below.
10. Basement Moisture: Although most home inspectors will sniff this one out for you, look for signs of dampness. Even if the walls aren't apparently wet, look for things like dehumidifiers, bucks of silica or other things that grab moisture from the air and keep it at bay. If the home owners are smart enough to move these things, look for places near outlets that look clean (or leave a dust ring) where something like this might have sat.
Do you have one to add to the list? Share your tip (and story behind it) in the comments below!
Image: Flickr member pheaber licensed for use by Creative Commons
Comments (53)
This is a good list, but here in the humid Midwest, we keep a dehumidier running all summer in our basement, and we don't have what anyone would call a moisture problem. It's just really humid here, and running a dehumidifier helps keep the whole house more pleasant.
I would rather buy a house from someone who ran their humidifier frequently, than from someone who never used one.
Check with the neighbors. Ask them if they know anything about the house you're about to buy. One week after moving in, our new neighbor across the street said "so you know there's a family of raccoons that lives the space above your front porch during the winters." Um, no... we didn't know that. It was an area the inspector didn't see (and the owners didn't disclose this info to us). So sure enough, 6 months later we had raccoon mom, dad and a bunch of babies living with us.
Number 0: Hire a professional inspector. He will check EVERYTHING for you. Mine found a fault in the foundation, and the seller agree to pay it. $350 saved me about $28k.
After moving into our first home last month we quickly realized we didn't have a garbage disposal :( ...not something I thought to look for.
I'm pretty shocked that there are professional inspectors out there who don't perform the checks listed above!
There's a lot that we didn't realize to look for - like is there a drainage system in place so that rainwater has a place to go (preferably to the street) instead of pooling in the yard or around the house (eek!)?
And there's a lot that our house luckily had that we didn't realize how valuable it was until we were in - professionally installed blinds, sprinkler system, closet organization system, etc. We were definitely naive as we had no idea how expensive it would be to add such things to a house!
We had a great inspector who dealt with each of these issues... the previous owner agreed to fix all the things that the inspector found.. even cleaning the chimney...
Homeowners association/condo fees! If you're at the top end of your pricepoint, the extra $XXX in fees every month may put you over the top. I almost bought (what seemed to be) a pretty cheap condo until I realized the monthly ownership fees nearly doubled my monthly payment! Eep! Wow am I glad someone told me to ask about that!
Inspectors are great, but it's also good to see for yourself. And don't let the real estate agent try to talk you out of hiring an inspector. (I saw this on an episode of Moving Up and the girl basically had to rebuild her entire house!)
Yeah, these are all things our inspector has looked for with both houses we've purchased. He is a structural engineer, and saved us from purchasing two houses with serious (and latent) problems - we were all set to sign!
oh - and as emedarwash said - with the two we did end up purchasing, the sellers fixed several major things found by our inspector, and most recently he even made a case that they needed to upgrade the electrical system, and they agreed. HUGE savings.
Good tips, thank you - I'll have to use them next time!
I have a mildew under carpet story. When I saw the apartment, it had wall-to-wall carpet. We looked under the edges in a closet, but since the tenant was still living there it was full of furniture. It never occurred to my agent, the inspector or me to move the mattress on the living room floor where the tenant's guest was sleeping, but when I pulled up the carpet the day after settlement I found a whole patch of damaged moldy floor -- the result of a leaky radiator. I couldn't move in until it was replaced. It was a nasty few months & left me feeling pretty sour about humanity for a while. (The seller asked me at settlement, "How do you like the new carpet?" and since I was planning to rip it out immediately I was distracted by wanting to say something nice about the ghastly carpet, and never wondered why she would ask. Now I know.)
Don't be nice! I think thats something we learned.
If the inspector finds something really look into it.
Our house has an outdoor breaker box that looked terrible. The inspector pointed it out, but we were so excited about the house we just asked for 1k off the price. Turns out that replacing a breaker box costs over 3k. We now know to get estimates on anything that we are unsure about.
---when we had the estimate done the electrician asked if he could take a pic to show the guys at the office because it was the worst one he had ever seen :(.
In addition to the house inspector we brought in, we also called an independent sewer inspector. He snaked our drain with a camera all the way to the street, so we could physically see that the pipes were all in good shape. The sellers wouldn't pay for it, but it was $350 well spent.
Make sure the water shut off valves work. I had the seller change the ones in the apartment I bought because they were frozen. All you need when the toilet is overflowing is for the shutoff valve not to work.
And definitely make sure the person inspecting your place takes the electrical box apart. We didn't look under the top panel so we didn't know about the three fuses that had caught on fire at some point. You couldn't see the scorch marks if you just opened the door and looked at the top panel and the switches.
Oh man, I've learned a LOT of things the hard way on this topic! A good home inspector is important, but they are not experts in everything, nor do they check everything. In addition to termite inspectors, independent sewer and chimney inspectors are a very good idea, and I would also recommend hiring a waterproofing consultant to check the exterior envelope. Furthermore, if the house is on a hillside, I would hire a structural inspector as well. The hundreds of dollars these inspectors cost to hire is well worth it - the things that they are trained to look for could cost you thousands (and I say this less than a year after a $30K exterior renovation necessitated by improperly waterproofed roof parapets and windows).
Also, check to make sure that there are no open building permits for your property. In LA, this is a very quick and easy online search and can save you thousands (since you become responsible for those permits once the property is yours, even if you didn't pull them or own the property when they were pulled).
If you are testing your chimney by lighting a fire, you may be more adventurous than I..
Run the shower for a bit to check the water pressure. I just moved out of an apartment with awful water pressure (that's not the reason I moved, fyi). I took "drizzles" rather than actual showers for 3 years. Awful.
#1 is really important, but it should be titled "get camera sewer inspection" and not "check drains." Six months after moving into our house, we ended up shelling out nearly 15,000 dollars to replace our side sewer. Based on some evidence they found when they dug, our plumbers were pretty sure the previous owner was aware of issues but did not declare them.
This will be an inspection above and beyond what a ordinary home inspector will cover, but it will get you great ammo for negotiations. I live in a neighborhood in N. Seattle where all of the original sewer pipes have reached their point of failure...Sooner or later, they will all need to be replaced. I recommend sewer inspections to everybody I know who's buying in my neighborhood, and this advice has spared some people some grief. So I've saved others $$ even if I learned the lesson the hard way myself.
don't just check "with" the neighbors... check "on" the neighbors...
not in a creepy way, but you're going to be moving into a community, not just a house, and you might want to know that the neighbor next doors is a raving NASCAR fan with a 80in big screen TV in the garage... and on Sundays he likes to invite 27 of his friends over for a race-watching kegger with the door open.
in all seriousness, we love our home, but the adjacent house is a care facility for mentally and physically handicapped young-adults. there are vans pulling up to the house 4 times/day starting at 7:30AM *every* day and on occasion one of the residents goes into a screaming fit at 5AM. unfun.
granted this is something which i also think should have been disclosed by the sellers (let's not get into the real-estate law part of this as a lawsuit isn't out of the question), but had we known, we'd likely have offered a lot less for the house (like 10-15% less).
i can (and have) fixed *everything* in my house... i can't fix the neighbors.
great ideas!!!
Jiggle the toilet and make sure the bolts holding it to the floor aren't corroded. Not a huge cost to fix a wobbly toilet, but it's nice to know that kind of thing beforehand.
Also, during the walk-through, make sure none of the windows are cracked or missing. I had my place painted before I moved in and didn't know whether the painters or the previous owners had broken the windows.
One piece of advice I heard is to start and end you commute to work from your prospective new home. You want to know what lifestyle changes your new location will necessitate.
Also, I concur with the separate sewer inspection - saved me a ton of money, as did the pest inspection (powder post beetles had eaten away my foundation posts).
I learned two lessons the hard way (I own a condo):
If you're buying a condo, ask a neighbor to turn their TV up as loud as they can while you stand next door. The builder assured us that they'd soundproofed the places (it's brand new), but the people next door have a daughter that throws tantrums at all hours of the day and night AND they like to take advantage of the fact that our units came prewired for surround sound and blast their bass-heavy music...and our shared wall is my BEDROOM wall. I haven't had a good night sleep since I moved in 7 months ago, and will now have to pay $2K to blow out that wall and install soundproofing.
Second, and this is REALLY important: HIRE YOUR OWN INSPECTOR. DO NOT USE THE PERSON RECOMMENDED BY YOU REALTOR. The person recommended by your realtor is going to say that it's a nice place so that your realtor can make the sale and continue to push business their way. I have to replace my patio doors AND windows due to issues the inspector should've caught. Do research online and find a sound inspector on your own. At least I'll know these things next time :D
How can you possibly light a fire in a home before you buy it? I can't imagine this is something the agent would let you do....
How many home owners are going to be okay with you ripping up a corner of their fully-installed wall-to-wall carpeting? I understand the logic, but seriously, pull a corner of the carpet back? If you don't buy the place, that homeowner could very well charge you for ruining their carpeting.
As for the fires, perhaps you could suggest lighting a match, or a piece of paper in the fireplace instead of lighting a full-on fire. Again, what self-respecting homeowner (or realtor) is going to be okay with someone lighting a fire at the open house? Yes, check that the flue works, and that you get an updraft, but... fire?
Common courtesy still applies. You may want to buy the house, but you definitely do not own it already.
Regarding #8: If turning on the A/C, make sure the outside temperature has been consistently above 60 degrees for at least 48 hours before turning it on. Otherwise you run a pretty good chance of burning out the A/C motor almost immediately.
And I'd also like to chime in about using a home inspector. After taking a first time home buying class I'd never risk buying without one. A few hundred bucks is definitely worth it when you're about to drop a couple hundred grand.
I've had the fancy inspectors. But I'm on house number three, and I will NEVER buy without calling in the system pros. Find a good heating and cooling company, a plumber, a roofer and an electrician. Have them assess the place and give estimates for fixes. The inspector told me that the furnace worked, but he never noticed that the VENTS weren't attached correctly. He didn't tell me the main sewage line would need replacing in two years. Inspectors + pros = better picture of the house and definite ammo for price negotiation.
@bigtab...
instead of ripping out the wall, consider installing soundproof drywall /over/ the existing drywall... might save a lot of hassle.
try using QuietRock's line of boards... all have a really high noise-blocking rating. put a layer of QuietGlue between your old drywall and your new soundproof drywall and you'll be set. honestly, if the wall is already stuffed with insulation, i'm wondering what ripping it out and replacing with something else would solve.
we used QuietRocks 510 (the cheapest -- essentially two 1/4in sheets of drywall with a layer of QuietGlue in between in place of regular 1/2in drywall in our bedroom and the difference is staggering.
quietrock.com
The previous owners of our last house 'forgot' to tell us that the washing machine they left behind was leaking and had been for a while....cue one new kitchen floor and five days of running a dehumidifier. Bah.
@Bigtab
I absolutely agree. Find your own inspector. Period! I won a condo too, it was my first purchase of property and i had no idea what I was doing. Talk about learning the hard way. After I move in, I start having severe clogged pipes and back up problems, the plumber I hire tells me that my pipes are the old galvanized kind that are pretty much ready to expire! I don't have the money to replace them. So about every three to four months- I have to spend about $300 hundred dollars to have a plumber clear out this terrible corroded mess in my pipes. I also had to rebuild the toilet. Seriously- the accient plumbing was not caught my the inspector before sale. My realtor just had someone tell me that my place was in great condition so he could sell this place to me. Get your own inspector- someone who can check everything.
I just bought a home in June, and we did hire an inspector to look at the place. There were some things he did not find, and as a new homeowner I hadn't thought to look for them myself:
- The pipe leading away from the drain near the furnace was backed up with sediment. When 8 inches of rain fell in three hours here a few weeks ago, all of that water had nowhere to go but into my newly-finished basement.
- There was no cap on the chimney either, so anytime it rained, water came down and dampened the basement floor. I didn't even know what a chimney cap was until we had this problem! The previous owners HAD to have had water in the basement as often as we did, but clearly just put up with it and did nothing.
- More water problems: a wet bar was illegally installed into the rest of the pipe system by a previous owner. It later caused a clogging issue that required us to disassemble the whole flushing system.
- It was pointed out that some of the wiring was not up to code, but it was not acknowledged that many of the switches and outlets ran off of the same line. One wall of outlets in the upstairs office and all of the outlets in the basement, as well as the hallway light, were all hooked up to the same circuit. Who in their right mind thought it made any sense to do that?
Overall, I'm still very happy with my home purchase. Even though I'm new to this, it's very clear that the people who owned before us had no idea what they were doing and never bothered to learn. It's like they sat back and waited for a landlord to come and fix their problems (and whomever they hired to do plumbing and electrical work was a hack).
The roof is key and you have to make sure that your home inspector looks in every attic crawl space. My inspector did not because they were screwed on and painted shut--this was a mistake.
I had a home inspection when buying - he did most of the things in the list. And he took me through and explained what to look for and where my house stacked up...
However - there were some kinda major things that he couldn't see that all went within two weeks of my moving into the house (electrical line, roof leak). So it can still be kind of a crap shoot. :)
Also - I didn't realize until I moved in that there was no receptacle in the bathroom! (Apparently a common occurrance in row homes like mine.) So check where the plugs are and what switches they're wired to (my guest room is controlled by the switch in my master).
@ BigTab and homebody - sounds like your real estate agents were total duds. (no offense) Not all of them are out for themselves. A good realtor/agent will recommend only quality resources to make sure that you are completely happy with your purchase/experience. Because if you're happy with your purchase/experience, you'll refer them to others. :)
Thanks SOOOOOO much redneckmodern! I will try that!
Yes, the urban girl, we did get duds. But we'll know better next time, and I never complain when I'm learning a valuable life lesson.
It should be noted that despite all of our problems, no one on this thread regrets their purchase, and that's always good news.
The outside temperature was 40 degrees the day we inspected our "completely renovated" condo. We couldn't turn on the AC to test it and didn't think to check the wiring. You can imagine our surprise come May when we discovered that our brand new AC unit had not been completely finished being wired and wasn't even connected to the thermostat.
We hired someone from http://www.ashi.org/
The American Society of Home Inspectors (ASHI), founded in 1976, is North America's oldest and most respected professional society of home inspectors.
He used to be a master builder so that impressed me. He found a leak in our shower which had to be replaced saving us $300.00 & a world of house repair. He also advised us on some outside drainage issues which we never would have known. He was well worth his $300.00 fee.
We also had our furnace checked by a reputable HVAC place per his warning.
Check the hot water and the shower pressure.
Our lender recommended we speak to our Insurance company and ask them to run a CLUE report. Like Carfax but for houses.
http://www.realtor.org/archives/slscoach20050627
Make sure the electrical outlets in the house are grounded. We bought an older home and the inspection revealed that the outlets had been "updated" to three-prong but they never actually ran a ground wire. That's a big problem if you have lots of computers and electronics that you would like to not be destroyed by a power surge. We finally got the seller to fix it, but it was a huge headache. I don't think we would have bothered with the house had we realized before the inspection that the electrical was so outdated. A $5 tester from Home Depot will tell you whether or not the outlets are open ground and you can be aware of that issue even before you hire an inspector.
SRT, I suspect you've never purchased a home before. This post would have been more useful if it were a list of practical things unrelated to an inspectors job like talking with the neighbors as someone suggested and finding an independent inspector. Any layperson who buys a home w/o a thorough home inspection by an licensed and reputable inspector deserves any problems that follow and could have been caught by a home inspection.
"Any layperson who buys a home w/o a thorough home inspection by an licensed and reputable inspector deserves any problems that follow and could have been caught by a home inspection."
That seems a little harsh! It sounds like many people here got a "reputable" home inspection but got stuck with problems that either the inspector missed or were not part of the inspection. If you are new to the process, you most likely would not know what to look for and ask about - so this type of post could be very helpful!
I second the reccomendation to find a home inspector through http://www.ashi.org/. We found the one that we hired through that site and both our Realtor and our Mortgage Banker were so impressed by his report that they have each personally used him and have been referring clients to him left and right. He was awesome.
I do wish that we had gotten an estimate on the roof from a specialist before buying. Our Inspector told us that it was nearing the end of its life and insisted that we have the seller at least do a patch-job before closing. We would have bought the house regardless, but it would have been nice to know what it was going to cost down the line to help us prepare.
I agree with most of the others that a good home inspector will catch most of these things. That being said _never_ use an inspector recommended by your Realtor(tm). The agents involved are motivated to get the deal closed. Inspectors are compromised in keeping the agents that feed them biz happy.
Other things:
Look on Google maps arial view to see things that may be far enough away that the owner does not have to disclose, but you may not realize are very close by. Things like a heavy industrial area, landfill, or even a small airport.
Research the schools, even if you don't have/plan to have kids. Schools radically affect resale value.
If the neighborhood has a listserv/e-mail list/bbs join it as soon as you start to look at the neighborhood. Pretty quickly you may find these are not folks you want to be your neighbors.
Avoid new neighborhoods of starter homes. Frequently the first round of homeowners will move on in a few years and be replaced with investors renting out the properties. The neighborhood will shift dramatically and resale values may crumble.
Others have mentioned watch the HOA dues. Watch the HOA period. Restrictive covenants can be the greatest or the worst thing depending how they are enforced. State law differers widely when it comes to how much power HOA's have. Read up on what your state allows and does not.
Best advice above all. Slow down, take your time and enjoy the experience.
I agree with everyone - an inspector is key, but it's also wise to bring in the experts, and many will give you an estimate for repairs for free. A basement excavator saved us from buying a house that needed three new basement walls, which would have cost more than $30k. One other thing to think about are the trees on your property. I love the towering trees surrounding our house, but I wish I'd known that they were almost all totally neglected and would require $2-3,000 of work by an arborist. This may be apparent when you're looking at a house in the summer, but an experienced arborist can tell you what's what in the middle of winter.
It's utterly ridiculous to say that you have to replace windows just because they've been painted shut! Original wood windows can last for hundreds of years if properly cared for. Why spend $$$ on hideous vinyl replacements that will fail within 20 years?
If you've got old windows, check out the book Working Windows at Amazon. I'm working on mine, and it's waaaaaaay cheaper than replacements.
If you follow the book's directions on weatherproofing, the old windows will be just as weathertight, too.
Everyone keeps harping on the "inspector" factor. Let me just say that we had an inspector and he didn't find everything AND they hold NO LIABILITY. NONE. Sure they can make you aware of more things that would have been missed, BUT they are not the saving grace when it comes to buying a home. Inspectors dont snake drains to the city hookup to make sure there is no blockage, they do not open up walls, cannot tell if all of the electrical is old or new behind walls or in ceilings, they are human and unfortunately miss a lot of things. They hold no liability if they miss something or underestimate damage.
All I am saying is that when an inspector walks in the door don't expect a choir of angles to start singing.
Definitely hire an inspector, but don't stop there. You have to do some checking yourself. We wondering why, on our final walk-through of the last house we bought, the house was empty except two things. A wreath hung over a hole in a door, a wall-hanging hung over a water spot on the basement wall. Both things that would have cost them money had we seen them before, and they knew it. Friends had to gut their bathroom when they moved in and found that under the bath mat was a huge hole in the floor. So, my advice, look under and behind anything you can move. Don't tear things ups, but if you are going to invest money in something, you have the right to know what you are getting. One house we bought had major drain problems under the washer and dryer that thankfully an inspector caught. $2500 they had to pay instead of us. I too second getting a plumbing inspection, termite inspection and roof inspection separately.
Gellergeorge is SPAMing for his company again...
This article was fabulous but what was invaluable was the amazing tips in the comments. A big thank you in advance - our final inspection is this Wednesday
and as you can tell I'm a bit terrified, so all the above will be helpful!
ps, hole beneath a bathroom mat??? AC that wasn't wired??? Why do people do this??
These are great tips for someone who is getting ready to buy a home.
I agree with other posters that it is very important to have a good home inspector to check out the house thoroughly before you buy it. Depending on where you live (i.e. Florida, Texas) you might want to make sure they are also structural engineers and can check for foundation and framing issues.
Additionally, it never hurts to have a master electrician or plumber give the house the once over after the inspector. We've walked away from a couple of homes based on the reports of either these experts. Other experts you might want to consider contacting are for the sewer line (i.e. Roto-Rooter, they can send a camera down you sewer line and make you a video) and any oil tanks on the property to check for leaks (i.e. Removal specialist with a license).
Even with all these precautions, you can still get surprised by things. Buying a home is not without an element of risk, from anything from the inspector showing up with the most incredible hangover ever and doesn't do his best for you to the soon-to-be ex-wife deciding to vent her anger on the kitchen appliances before the final walk through making closing a real exciting event.
Once you've bought that lovely home, make sure you change the locks and the alarm system code.
Check the hot water and the shower pressure.
by chimney pipe